With reference to Photosynthesis, consider the following statements:

1. The light reaction occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
2. Oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from carbon dioxide.
3. The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Key Fact(s)

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Chlorophyll pigments absorb sunlight, initiating the light reaction that produces ATP and NADPH. The splitting of water molecules releases oxygen as a by-product. The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to fix carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. This process is fundamental to life on Earth as it forms the base of the food chain and maintains atmospheric oxygen levels. Environmental factors such as light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature influence the rate of photosynthesis.