With reference to the President’s Rule in India, consider the following statements:

1. It can be imposed under Article 356 of the Constitution.
2. It can be proclaimed only on the recommendation of the Governor of the concerned State.
3. It must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within two months.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Key Fact(s)

President’s Rule is provided under Article 356 and is based on Article 355, which imposes a duty on the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance. It results in suspension of the State Council of Ministers and transfer of executive powers to the President. The State Legislative Assembly may be dissolved or kept under suspended animation. Its constitutional validity and limits were significantly examined in the landmark judgment of S. R. Bommai v. Union of India, which made such proclamations subject to judicial review. Initially valid for six months, it can be extended up to three years with parliamentary approval under specific conditions.